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Windows Security

Registry
•The registry is a hierarchical database that stores the values of variables in Windows and the applications and services that run on Windows. The operating system and other programs also use the registry to store data about users and about the current configuration of the system and its components.
•The registry is available whenever the system is running, programs that start and stop can keep persistent data in the registry.

Structure of the Registry
•Much of the registry consists of nested containers known as subtrees, keys, and subkeys, which are like folders.
•The actual data is stored in the registry entries, the lowest level element in the registry.
•The series of nested containers make up a path to each entry. Because entry names are unique only within a path, entries are referenced by their full registry path and name.

Subtree
•Subtrees are the root, or primary divisions, of the registry.
•The Windows Server 2003 registry is divided into five subtrees. Subtrees themselves do not contain configuration data; they contain the keys, subkeys, and entries in which the data is stored.
•Click the name of a subtree to see its description

Subtree
•HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
•HKEY_CURRENT_USER
•HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
•HKEY_USERS
•HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
Hive Files
•The permanent parts of the registry are stored as a set of files called the hive files.
•You can find a list of locations for these files in the hivelist subkey in HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control.
•These files are saved in systemroot\System32\Config and updated with each login.
Hive Files
•They consist of the following files, which store four of the five keys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and one key in HKEY_USERS:
•SAM Contains information stored in the key HKLM\SAM about the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) service.
•SECURITY Contains the security information stoHive Files
•SOFTWARE Contains information stored in the key HKLM\SOFTWARE about the computer's software configuration.
•SYSTEM Contains information stored in the HKLM\SYSTEM about the computer's system configuration.
•DEFAULT Contains the default system information that is stored in the key HKEY_USERS\.DEFAULT.red in the key HKLM\SECURITY.

Registry Editor
•A utility by the filename regedit.exe that allows you to see, search, modify and save the registry database of Windows.
•Doesn’t validate the values you are writing: it allows any operation, so pay close attention




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